African Face Painting Essay Example For Students

African Face Painting Essay In the same way as other different clans of Africa the Woodard clan utilizes face painting to draw magnificence. African face painting has been a thing of interest to numerous in the esters human progress. Numerous clans in Africa rehearsed face painting for reasons of celebrations, customs and superficial points of interest and for different occasions. Face painting is regularly observed in inborn celebrations. The Woodard clans of Niger apply face paint in their acclaimed celebration of excellence known as the Grovel Festival (African 1). In this celebration the men apply charming hues to gold and rich shades of red all over and move to win the hearts of the encompassing ladies, Like James wood said the ladies do the judging and prize the victors with a night of l), This celebration is a like wonder expo in the west however the men are he candidates and they paint their face as opposed to putting on mascara. The Grovel celebration is the place people go to discover their mate. In this celebration a man can accompany his better half and leave with an alternate one similarly as a lady can accompany her significant other and pick another one(wood I). We will compose a custom exposition on African Face Painting explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Woodard men go to the celebration searching for another spouse and realizing that theirs ivies probably won't be theirs any longer so they move to allure the ladies around them. In the Woodard culture, delightful eyes and white teeth are discovered appealing by ladies so the men paint their lips dark to make their teeth more brilliant. They likewise paint their cheekbones and noses with hues like yellow and red to cause to notice their eyes and their facial bone Structure. This celebration is tied in with communicating magnificence through moves and about men flaunting their looks and the men of the clan use paint to show excellence utilizing different hues. In some old Tribal religions face painting alongside covers is utilized during ceremonies. In the article named social face painting, it expresses that, antiquated ceremonies frequently bring divinities, spirits of precursors and animals(Seventeen 1), During these Rituals either a veil or a face mint of wild and flighty plans are applied which suggests that the wearer was controlled by the spirits or creatures (Sevenfold Also the Pod clan of South Iatric praises a convention called midge. This custom is the place a lady is started to become seer or a priestess of the clan (African l). She seems stripped to the midsection with her body painted with white mud and decorated with leaves, These examples are mind boggling and they represent the connection to her predecessors who are accepted to be the purposes behind her ailment and prosperity. The Xhosa clan likewise in South Africa utilizes face painting during the ritual of masculinity called the Backwater. In the first place, the youngsters paint their appearances with white mud, at that point they are circumcised and their face is painted with red mud to mean the availability for grown-up male obligations (African 1). In every one of these customs the craft Of face painting holds diverse significance and represents various Stages Of a custom. Face painting is likewise used to represent diverse Statuses. Like for Example the Kara clan of Africa have three kinds of structures painted on their appearances. One sort was for the clan boss. The Chiefs facial paint is increasingly detailed and neater then everybody elses. Nearly his entire whole face is canvassed in white paint yet his jaw nine, his cheek bones, and his nose were left uncovered demonstrating his dim and smooth skin in two flawless straight lines (Erick 1 J. The other plan is for a warrior the structure resembles the boss yet much less slick (Erick The last kind of configuration is for the normal average citizen which comprises of plain white paint. Face and body painting was critical and emblematic to clans like the Kara in light of the fact that it demonstrated what their identity was and where they had a place. Stupor clans additionally use face painting tort different occasions. The Sumatra clan to Ethiopia use face and body painting during their wild and fierce stick battling challenge called the Donna. .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028 , .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028 .postImageUrl , .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028 .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028 , .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028:hover , .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028:visited , .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028:active { border:0!important; } .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028:active , .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028:hover { mistiness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: r elative; } .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enrichment: underline; } .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enhancement: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u06000c8fb 28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u06000c8fb28cd511afa6eb0e76cd7028:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Reaction Paper About the Famous Paintings EssayUnlike the Gemology testiest, this no move or magnificence celebration, it is nevertheless a challenge of nerve and savage quality that is intended to settle individual Vendettas and to win spouses. During this challenge several men go to a particular spot to battle with IS feet sticks refereed by the boss (Donna I). The battle done in warms and is done in adjusts until there is just two remaining. The victor of the last round veins the entire thing. Any man can challenge drift he needs and passing isn't remarkable. The main principle is no man can hit another man when he is do wn (Donna I). The contenders battle to be the best warriors and o win with the goal that they can give a young lady the respect if being their date or spouse on the off chance that she Wishes (Donna I). At the point when the men battle they are totally exposed with the exception of paint that covers them from head to toe. The developments of the body paint have a great deal Of lines and are totally done by hand. The plans painted on the keeps an eye on body speak to his manliness and is intended to strike dread into his adversaries heart. The composition is a significant piece of the challenge and in light of the fact that the all the more enrapturing and frightening it is the more consideration and dread the candidate will get from his adversaries and the group. With his last exertion he gives the ladies his most alluring look and he moves in an additionally enchanting way. The move is done and he remains in the sun with the brilliant red and yellow paint looking as if the sun was transmitting from him. The lady he has been peering toward through the entire testiest comes and they leave into the dusk, With the assistance of his wonderful paint all over his objective has been front plowed and he leaves with a spouse. Stupor clans apply civility paint at celebrations, during customs, to represent status and for different reasons and occasions. The workmanship is consonant and excellent and it associates all the clan of the immense mainland,

Complexity theory in public management Research Paper

Intricacy hypothesis in open administration - Research Paper Example Shockingly, multifaceted nature hypothesis has little been utilized in open administration. In other sociologies, for instance financial matters, transformative methodology has broadly been utilized rather than multifaceted nature hypothesis. The inquiry on whether unpredictability hypothesis can build our comprehension of the wonders of open administration is charming. Weber (2008) says that the open segment has to a great extent been overlooked due to its stale and unfeasible thoughts which are just founded on the comprehension of its reality. Open administration has in the ongoing past disintegrated and along these lines, its opportunity to supplant its expansion of systems, hypotheses and ideas (Weber, 2008). Due to complexities in open administration speculations, open administration has part into many sub-strands, similar to sociologists, political researchers, financial experts, and the board scholars, who are creating elective hypotheses that attempt to clarify the executives in the open division. Intricacy hypothesis and issue goals Complexity hypothesis assists with tending to issues of dynamic and administration conveyance in open administration. ... Unpredictability hypothesis has all possibilities of tending to the difficulties in open approach and the executives that professionals face. They are likewise significant in weaving numerous hypothetical strands in the executives of open areas into a consistent entirety. Early works that have attempted to interface open administration with multifaceted nature hypothesis related ideas squandered by incredible researchers like Douglas Kiel and Sam Overman among others (Weber, 2008). Open administration strategy has perceived impediments that they are prune to because of the unpredictability and assorted variety of human instinct. Dynamic is described by both commonsense and hypothetical restrictions because of reasonable; thinking and extensive conventions. Multifaceted nature hypothesis gives the basis inside which elective methods of understanding these realist conventions and coordinations can be perceived. As indicated by Weber, multifaceted nature speculations might be the main a rrangement that will help increment theory’s lucidness and re-empowerment of the control across numerous points of view that bear these issues in open administration. Complex versatile framework is especially proposed as a basic method of understanding frameworks that give a scholarly structure where crisp comprehension of the frameworks of open administration can be watched and looked for. The assortment, non direct communications and force of multifaceted nature hypothesis appears to concur with complex versatile hypothesis. In spite of the fact that their results are once in a while completely unsurprising, they may not work well for their motivation in open administration. Rising request and self-association ideas appear portrayals that are sensible. Impacts of multifaceted nature hypothesis on the executives rehearses in current frameworks Complexity hypothesis gives the open part a major space for improving the comprehension of open administration and

Moving Beyond Goals

Moving Beyond Goals You can’t manage what you don’t measureâ€"this was the corporate mantra by which I lived for a long time. And it’s total bullshit. We used to measure everything at my old job: There were 29 metrics for which we were responsible every single day (even on weekends). There was morning reporting, 3 p.m. updates, 6 p.m. updates, and end-of-day reporting. I was consumed by numbers. After a while, I even started dreaming in spreadsheet format. Then I realized something: it didn’t really matter. The goals were never as powerful as someone’s internal motivations. People work hard for two reasons: they are externally inspired, or they are internally motivated. Sometimes it’s a combination of both. Some people can be momentarily inspired by goal attainment, but that kind of inspiration is impermanent, and it doesn’t last beyond the goal itself. Conversely, intrinsic motivationâ€"such as the desire to grow or contributeâ€"carries on long after the goal is met. It often carries on in perpetuity. External inspiration can be the trigger, but internal motivation is what fuels someone’s desire. When you discover your true motivation, you don’t need an arbitrary goal. Goals are for the unmotivated. This is one of the reasons I got rid of mineâ€"so I could focus on what’s important, so I could focus on living a life centered around health, relationships, passion, growth, and contribution. I don’t need goals to focus on these aspects of my life, because I’m already motivated by these values. Having goals for these things would be irrelevant; I simply need to live my life in accordance with these principles. Read this essay and 150 others in our new book, Essential.

Math Assignment 1 - 1870 Words

I lost 2 points My mistake was failing to notice that the stems should split at the last digit, meaning the first two digits are separated from the last digit by a stem. Also, each stem must be assigned an equal number of leaf digits. So, zero should be added to the front of the 9 for the score of 96. So, choice (b): 09, 10, 11, 12,13, and 14 is the correct answer, since the stems separate the first two digits from the last digit and include an appropriate range of 09-14, for the numbers from and in between 96-145. Choice (a) would not work out since the lowest score begins with the stem of 09 and the highest score contains the stem of 14, this choice only includes numbers from zero and 10, which none of the values are under. Choice (c)†¦show more content†¦Choice (a) would not fit since stem plots are best used to display fairly small data sets and to see the distribution’s shape, and the appropriate choice, the boxplot, is also included as inappropriate when in actuality this is no t true. Choice (c) is wrong since a bar graph and a pie chart are both used to compare categorical data, which is not being compared in this question. Although in choice (d) it is correct that a dot plot would be inappropriate since there aren’t any observed frequencies with the same scores, using a histogram would be inappropriate instead of appropriate since, it was already proven that using this type of graph is not the best when comparing a large data set as this one. Choice (e) is obviously wrong, since it was proven above that a boxplot is the most appropriate way to display the data, which disagrees with the statement that none of the above are correct. I lost 2 points. I got confused as to what quartile I was looking at, I looked at the classes containing the first quartile, instead of the third quartile. The correct class that contains the third quartile is choice (c): 30-40. To figure out the third quartile, we first figure out the median by adding up all the frequency values (13+8+15+7+2+3+1+1= 50), adding that total by one, and dividing by two equaling a median of about 25.5. So, the class that contains the median is 20-30. We then figure out the first quartile or the lower half of the median which is equal to the 25thShow MoreRelatedBusiness Maths Statistics Assignment 11214 Words   |  5 PagesBMS11 Business Maths and Statistics ASSIGNMENT 1 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS USING EXCEL PART B. QA). The pie charts show that a higher percentage of the male gender has tried the product in comparison to the female gender. Over 50% of both genders have tried the product. However, the fact that the percentage of males who tried the product is higher, suggests that gender does play a role in whether the people will try the product. Yet the role genders play is small, because the difference betweenRead MoreBusiness Maths Statistics Assignment 11208 Words   |  5 PagesBMS11 Business Maths and Statistics ASSIGNMENT 1 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS USING EXCEL PART B. QA). The pie charts show that a higher percentage of the male gender has tried the product in comparison to the female gender. Over 50% of both genders have tried the product. However, the fact that the percentage of males who tried the product is higher, suggests that gender does play a role in whether the people will try the product. 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Case Study Apple Inc. - 1652 Words

Apple Inc., is debatably one of the most innovative technology companies in the world. Apple, Inc. stands for innovation in personal computing and digital media distribution. The company aspirations for nothing short of a revolution when designing, developing, and distributing its line of merchandises. Apple s merchandises range from an amount of desktop and portable computers that are geared for the consumer and education markets, digital music players (iPod), online music store (iTunes), and Smartphone (iPhone). Applications are designed for users convenience and productivity. Two college dropouts Seven Jobs and Steven Wozniak began the Apple Computer Company in 1976. AAPL, NASDAQ is the company’s ticker symbol and stock exchange. Over 72,800 people work for the company and www.apple.com is the website for their products. Within 2 months of building their first computer circuit board in their garage, they had sales orders for 200 units. The project was capitalized from money raised by the sale of Job s van and Wozniak s HP calculator and the company was named after a 220-acre farm in Oregon that Jobs was part owner (Wozniak and Smith, 2006; Young and Simon, 2005). Working as a team, Wozniak was the technical mastermind and Jobs was the visionary whose task was to bring an easy-to-use computer to the market (Yoffie and Slind, 2008). 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Social Work Psychosocial Assessment Free Essays

APRIL’S PSYCHOSOCIAL ASSESSMENT Referral April was not a referral client; rather she did her own research after feeling unsupported by her previous therapist. She found this practice on the Pratt Institute listserv as she was looking for a psychologist close to school. According to April, she received a diagnosis of stage three Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma five weeks ago and had not told anyone close to her. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Work Psychosocial Assessment or any similar topic only for you Order Now She wanted to talk to someone â€Å"objective† to figure out what steps to take next. Client Identification Demographics: April is a 23 year-old woman who currently lives on campus at Pratt Institute studying architecture and urban planning. Her parents are married and she has a 21 year-old brother, Daniel, who has a diagnosis of Down syndrome. Her father used to be in the army and now works for the US Department of Veterans Affairs, her mother cares for her brother. Employment/Education: April is in her second year at Pratt and presents to overwhelmed with current workload, yet managing to get by. She seems focused and undeterred by her presenting issue to complete her education. It is unclear if April is employed, she did not mention it. Income and Source: As stated above, it is unclear if April is currently working, receiving financial help from her parents, or receiving government loans and bursaries. Further information on her sources of income may need to be clarified to determine as this could have an impact on the care available to her in the near future. However, her interest in alternative medicine could mean she is not worried about finances. Living Environment: The specifics of April’s living environment are unknown. She has not stated any concerns about her living situation. Sources of Information The information contained in this assessment was acquired in an in person appointment with April that she scheduled. No information was obtained from any other sources. Problem Definition April was diagnosed five weeks ago with stage three Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. April stated she feels â€Å"tired† and has been experiencing â€Å"night sweats† lately. Although, she states that she â€Å"knows† she has cancer, she seems to be in denial about the severity of her illness. April has a hard time talking about her diagnosis (she had to write it down), and seemed to be avoiding what she came to talk about although she expressed wanting to talk with someone objective who was not personally invested in her well-being. April was previously seen by a Pratt therapist, which she stated did not go well though she found her old psychiatrist â€Å"nice enough†, she felt that she was only a good listener with â€Å"nothing to say†. She seemed to be annoyed with the previous therapists attempts to contact her after she decided to stop going, although she did not let her know she would not be returning. April became very defensive when talking about her family, when this worker asked if she felt that her brother took up most of her mother’s time, she quickly shot the idea down. She presents as being exceedingly independent, yet extremely loyal to her family. April communicated that she is falling behind on her schoolwork, she seems particularly concerned with maintaining her current life and does not appear to be taking her diagnosis seriously. April expressed wanting to explore her other options of acupuncture, herbal therapies, and meditation even though her oncologist suggested she begin chemotherapy immediately. April appears to be experiencing an internal conflict and seems to have a hard time trusting others or asking for help. History/Antecedents: April stated that she had a cough that would not let up, as she grew tired of coughing in class she finally went to the health counter at Pratt. She was prescribed antibiotics, which did not help her cough. She had resigned herself to wait to speak to her dad, a retired army official now working for the US Department of Veterans Affairs. When she began experiencing night sweat she returned to the health center, where she was annoyed to be accused of taking diet pills or using cocaine. After being sent to the Brooklyn hospital for a chest x-ray, a big mass was discovered behind her spine. A bone marrow biopsy was done and she was diagnosed with stage three non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It has been five weeks since April’s diagnosis and she has not told her parents or anyone close to her. It is unclear if April is aware of the magnitude of her illness, though she stated she knows she has cancer, she does not appear to be taking the diagnosis seriously rather she is carrying on with her life as if nothing has changed. April expressed that perhaps she does not want treatment and maybe she would rather die than put her life in someone else’s hands. It is unclear if April truly believes that she has cancer. Past Solutions: As indicated previously, April received her diagnosis five weeks ago and presents as being in denial as to the seriousness it entails. She previously was seeing another therapist, however she did not like her and stopped going after only two sessions. It is not clear as to what was discussed in these sessions, as April only said that her previous therapist was not much older that her, had â€Å"nothing to say†, and told her â€Å"the same story twice†. She stated that she stopped going without telling her therapist she would not be returning and was overtly annoyed when the therapist tried to reach her many times after, which she felt was â€Å"over the top†. April stated she has not yet began seeking medical treatment, nor has she confided in her family as to her situation for their support. April seems overly concerned with the reaction her family will have upon receiving the news of her illness. It is likely that she is keeping this information from her family to protect them as well as to maintain her independence. Contributing Factors: April’s diagnosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma was not brought on by any factors determined in the session. However, April’s tiredness and night sweats are probable symptoms of her illness. It is likely that April’s independence is making it hard for her to tell her family and friends about her illness. She also stated that her brother’s autism took up a lot of her mother’s time and that â€Å"no one talks about her† this could show where her independence developed from. April spoke about her recent break up with her boyfriend who she remains good friends with but has a new girlfriend from a well off family. April stated that she has not told her boyfriend or friends about her diagnosis; April may be believing her denial of her diagnosis and keeping it to herself, makes it less real. Her inability to talk about her diagnosis may be a factor of her need to control her life as an independent young woman and not wanting to ask for support with her illness should be further explored. The Client System Functioning: April became defensive several times during this interview. She stated that she did not want to talk about her cancer diagnosis many times during the session. She expressed that she has been feeling tired and having trouble sleeping, experiencing night sweats and waking up in a soaked bed. Other than the above April appears to be still functioning at a high level nd is able to get to school and besides her recent assignments is doing fine at school. It should be noted that April appears physically to be in good health, she is a well-dressed, attractive young woman. She appears to be well spoken and intelligent, yet she is in denial about her illness. Strengths/Coping Skills: During this interview April was commended for her independence, also her loyalty to wards her family was also a strength brought to her attention. April seems to have a strong support system, although she is not using it at the moment. She has family and friends who care about her. April’s ability to remain in school and continue on with her studies is also a strength to be noted. Her communication skills are well developed, even though she was unable to express herself in this meeting there is potential for it in the future. Relationships and Social Support: It is unclear what the extent of April’s relationship with her family, friends, or community is. As stated earlier, April is a very independent young woman and though she did mention her family in the interview, she has not told them about her illness as she does not want to put any stress on them. Further exploration regarding the depth and quality of her relationship is needed. During the interview, April expressed that she and her ex-boyfriend are still â€Å"good friends† and that they get along great. He however is unaware of her diagnosis. April mentioned she has other friends but no other details were provided. April seemed to take a liking to this worker, and expressed being happy that this worker was older than she had expected. She seemed to have an easy time talking as long as she was guiding the conversation but closed up upon being asked questions she did not feel like answering. Resources/Obstacles: April acknowledged that she does not like to ask for help, she stated that she was able to go see a therapist at school. Though the sessions were quickly terminated they lead to her finding this practice and setting up an appointment. Although, she finds them inefficient, April identified the school’s health center and her oncologist as a present resource available to her. April mentioned her family but it is unclear if she sees them as a resource. She stated her brother suffers from autism and takes a lot of her mother’s time, and father is often busy. April also mentioned she has a good relationship with ex-boyfriend but acknowledged that she does not confide in him or her other friends. This suggests that April is used to fending for herself and her independence is an important resource to her. April’s need to control a situation presents as a obstacle for her, as she seems to close people off when they get too close to asking information she is not ready to share. This may have been the case with her previous therapist who she stopped seeing, claiming she was â€Å"incompetent†. April did not mention any other support systems. It is unclear if she has other individuals she can rely on and appears to have issues with relatedness. Professional Opinion April appears to be in denial about her diagnosis of stage three non-Hodgkin lymphoma and what it entails. April appears to be taking the diagnosis as a big inconvenience rather than recognizing the seriousness if holds. April has not began treatment, although her oncologist has recommended that she begin immediately. She appears to be an intelligent, independent, young woman; it is possible her apprehensions on sharing her diagnosis with family are related to her not wanting to lose her independence. April appears to be more concerned with what her family’s reactions to diagnosis will be and the stress it may cause them, rather than what the diagnosis means for her health. It is this workers opinion that April is used to taking care of herself and is fearful that her parents will not be there to support to her if she puts herself out there. April’s having chosen to look into alternative medical treatment, even with her oncologist’s advice to begin immediate treatment, shows her need to be in control of her life. It is this worker’s opinion that April is fearful of giving up the one thing she has depended on her entire life; her independence and ability to care for her. During the interview, April mentioned other relationships; her ex-boyfriend, his new girlfriend, and friends. While these people maybe able to provide support to her in the future, April is currently not ready to share her diagnosis or ask them for help. Plan An intervention plan was not created as April left without formulating a plan or scheduling a second session. However, it is this worker’s opinion that the following steps need to be taken; April needs to recognize that there is no shame in asking for help or relying on others in her time of need, April should talk to her oncologist about her considering alternative medicine and see how she thinks she should proceed, and April needs to tell her parents about her diagnosis. As she left without scheduling an appointment and this worker is unaware if she will call to schedule one, it is unclear of what will transpire. However, this plan will be further discussed with April if she does make a second appointment. How to cite Social Work Psychosocial Assessment, Essay examples

Reflections on My Self

Reflections on My Self-Image Essay When reflecting on my self-image, there are several expressive words that I can think of to describe my skills, personality traits, etc. The list of words I would use to describe myself are the following: maternal, funny, stubborn, outgoing, and responsible. These words help give a description of some of my skills and personality traits. If I were to try to describe who I am, I would say I am a single mother with a strong personality and many responsibilities. There are various factors that have impacted the reason that I have the self-image that I do. There have been incidents that have occurred that helped me learn about myself. Also, there have been many influential people in my life who have views and opinions have molded my personality, especially my father. Something to also keep in mind is that your self-image can change as you grow and mature. When I look at myself now, my traits and personality are very different than they were even a couple years ago. One of the descriptive words I chose to describe myself was maternal. The reason I chose this word is because my life has changed completely since I had a child. This is one of the only â€Å"tasks† that has come easy to me. Some struggle with motherhood, but motherhood was never a challenge for me. Of course, there have been days that are more difficult than others, but the actual act of mothering has always come so natural to me. Something that may have impacted this trait of mine is my childhood. As a child, I did not have a mother, and I always expressed my desire to be a mom. Ever since I was very young, I would tell my dad that when I grew up I wanted to be a mom. My dad would always offer support and encouragement. His words always instilled confidence in me. With that being said, it is very possible that this skill comes natural to me because my dad, a very influential person in my life, had always told me he believed I would be great mother. Another word I used to describe myself is funny. There are also several reasons I chose this as a descriptive word for myself. One of the reasons I consider myself funny is because in various environments, such as home and work, I am able to make those around me laugh. Additionally, my dad and boyfriend always tell me that I have a great sense of humor. In addition, I am often able to make myself laugh. Just based upon the reaction I get out of people and what I have been told, it is easy to think of myself as funny. Stubborn is a word used to describe me by many, including myself. While this is not necessarily a good trait to have, it is definitely one of mine. Those who know me well, such as my sister, father, and boyfriend, have told me that I am one of the most stubborn people that they know. There have also been many instances that I display stubborn behavior. The main reason people view me as stubborn is because if I do not want to do something, I am not doing it. On the other hand, once I have made my mind up about doing something, I will do it. I guess you could say that once there is something in my mind, there is nothing that can change it. This is probably an area that can use improvement. Some stubbornness can be good because it is good to have strong opinions, but flexibility is also important. The last descriptive word I chose was responsible. This word was an easy choice for me because I think I display responsible behavior daily. I know a lot of people who are young moms, and they do not always make the same decisions that I do. .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710 , .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710 .postImageUrl , .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710 , .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710:hover , .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710:visited , .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710:active { border:0!important; } .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710:active , .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710 .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4273c38cca315ca19fec98983994c710:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Outline Difference between a syllabus and a curriculum EssayIn my opinion, I make very responsible decisions when looking at my circumstances and my situation. I am almost 23 years old, and most people my age are partying. Since I had a child young, I knew that in order to care for him properly, I would never be able to act like other people my age. As a result, I work full time, and as soon as I get home from work I pick up my son. From the moment I pick him up until bedtime, my life revolves around him. I have my son in various extracurricular activities, and we have regular outings. Then, once he’s in bed, I do as much of my homework as I can before I go to bed. This is my daily routine, and it seems very boring to most people my age. However, I do not think of it as boring. It is just the responsible way to live as a parent. Additionally, I do not make decisions that are irresponsible or would have a negative impact on my life or my son’s life. When self-reflecting, I think we should look at the feedback that we get from those close to us. However, I think it is more important to look at the situations that we have encountered. The way that we handle situations shows us a lot about who we are as people. There are many factors that go into developing a self-image.

Zara International

The management at Zara International is using some elements of classical management approaches to run their organization. Scholars view classical management approaches on the premise that people are rational. The company combines the three elements of classical management approaches like scientific management approaches of Fredrick Taylor, administrative principles of Henri Fayol, and bureaucratic organization of Max Weber (Schermerhorn and Wright, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Zara International specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Zara International has a clear division of labor. The company employs more than two hundred designers to help it keep up with high demands and to eliminate delays. This results into the specialization for its workers, which have extremely increased the company’s turnaround time. The use of principal of order (there is a place for everything and all things should be in their place) is driving Zara International complex system of just-in-time production and inventory reporting that keeps it a head of competitions. The distribution centers can have items across the three continents of America, Asia and Europe between 24 to 48 hours. There is no single organization which can succeed when there is no discipline. The success of Zara International is only possible through its discipline work force. Zara time management skills allow it workers to coordinate their design, production, distribution, and retail sales to optimize the flow of goods and retain their profit. They make a business sense by coordinating and integrating as many supply chains as possible. Workers take the initiative and do the work with zeal and energy. Zara International has achieved success because it has adopted the classical management approaches. They have workers with the right ability for the jobs such as the designers and the management team. The organization carefully plans the work and smoothes the way for workers as they implement management decisions. The company also possesses clear hierarchy of authority. People can see the company’s hierarchy of authority from its command of the supply chain. The company’s management team also uses behavioral management approaches. These approaches assume that people are social and self-actualizing. Zara International is a successful fashion industry. If we take into account the behavioral management approaches, then several factors influence the success of the company (Robbins and Coulter, 2010). The management runs Zara International as a community. Management team and workers work together to ensure record breaking time in fast fashion industry. The company combines the talent of designers, sales team, production team, distribution team, and top level management to ensure seamless production and distribution. Their supply chain is efficient to enable them save on resources. The management allows various supply chains to cooperate with each other in order to achieve integration of interests (Christiansen, 2000).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Management allows workers to participate in their jobs. They have more job involvements, freedom, and a sense of responsibility. This involvement creates favorable conditions for workers to satisfy their self esteem and self-actualization needs. The company is growing fast and expanding to new regions. This sense of success makes Zara International employees behave as expected with initiative and high performance. The workers have self-fulfillment experiences in their duties. Competitions have singled out the performance of Zara International. Workers will perform as anticipated because of the expectations created by their competitions. Zara International employees are able to experience high sense of moral due to positiv e comments from competitions and clients. In conclusion, Zara International management team does not adopt all the management approaches. However, they exemplify best practices in management. The article does not focus on issues of workers compensation, benefits and rewards. Therefore, this study cannot draw a conclusion of management approaches based on issues of compensations and rewards. References Christiansen, J. (2000). Building Innovative Organization: Management Systems That Encourage Innovation. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. John, R. S., Barry, W. (2011). Management, Second Canadian Edition. Toronto, Canada: John Wiley Sons. Stephen, P. R., Mary, C. (2010). Management (11 Edition). New Jersey: Prentice Hall. This case study on Zara International was written and submitted by user Abbie D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Cyber

Thwarting Cyber Terrorism As technology’s benefits have made computers an increasingly important part of our society, an accurate and candid assessment of the risk of catastrophic cyber attacks has become a national priority. Criminal hackers could seriously threaten the operation of businesses and governments across the nation and around the world. The threat is real, increasing and already has proven costly. The variety and severity of computer viruses that have spread across the Internet in just the last few years underscores the impact. Cyber attacks – ranging from the "ILOVEYOU" virus to the "Trinoo" attacks and the recent "Ramen, Lion" and "Code Red" worms – have cost an estimated $5 billion. Today, computer systems are at the heart of government operations ranging from the smallest city hall to the Pentagon. They are an essential part of the critical infrastructures that drive our economy, including telecommunications, energy transmission, financial services, manufacturing, water distribution, transportation and health care. Securing these critical infrastructures will require close collaboration between government and the private sector, continued efforts to enhance technology security, tougher penalties for cyber crimes and increased funding for law enforcement efforts to fight it. Today, criminal hackers are working around the clock and around the world to find and exploit vulnerabilities in software, steal data, violate people’s privacy and maliciously shut down computer networks. Additional resources are needed by the Department of Justice and the FBI to hire, train and equip agents and prosecutors specializing in cyber crime. International cyber crime laws and penalties must be strengthened. The author of the "Lovebug" virus remains free because his nation did not have cyber crime laws. The "AnnaKournikova" virus caused billions of dollars in damage, but the individual who distributed it received onl... Free Essays on Cyber Free Essays on Cyber Thwarting Cyber Terrorism As technology’s benefits have made computers an increasingly important part of our society, an accurate and candid assessment of the risk of catastrophic cyber attacks has become a national priority. Criminal hackers could seriously threaten the operation of businesses and governments across the nation and around the world. The threat is real, increasing and already has proven costly. The variety and severity of computer viruses that have spread across the Internet in just the last few years underscores the impact. Cyber attacks – ranging from the "ILOVEYOU" virus to the "Trinoo" attacks and the recent "Ramen, Lion" and "Code Red" worms – have cost an estimated $5 billion. Today, computer systems are at the heart of government operations ranging from the smallest city hall to the Pentagon. They are an essential part of the critical infrastructures that drive our economy, including telecommunications, energy transmission, financial services, manufacturing, water distribution, transportation and health care. Securing these critical infrastructures will require close collaboration between government and the private sector, continued efforts to enhance technology security, tougher penalties for cyber crimes and increased funding for law enforcement efforts to fight it. Today, criminal hackers are working around the clock and around the world to find and exploit vulnerabilities in software, steal data, violate people’s privacy and maliciously shut down computer networks. Additional resources are needed by the Department of Justice and the FBI to hire, train and equip agents and prosecutors specializing in cyber crime. International cyber crime laws and penalties must be strengthened. The author of the "Lovebug" virus remains free because his nation did not have cyber crime laws. The "AnnaKournikova" virus caused billions of dollars in damage, but the individual who distributed it received onl...

Campbell soup Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Campbell soup - Essay Example From this period, Campbell diversified its products and posted billion dollars sale but small profits. The most important development, however, was due to its borrowings from investors, the company gradually became subject to the decision and pressures of stockholders. The most important of which include the managements protracted legal battles with investors. This dimension to Campbell’s existence has resulted to the adoption of management teams that were desperate to improve Campbell’s positive net margins because it affects the stock price. This the reason why it has pulled all the stops in order to generate the positive earnings that Wall Street demands to the point that illegitimate policies were adopted. Cases in point were the improper accounting, trade loading, among other policies. 1. Identify legitimate business practices that corporate executives can use for the primary purpose of manipulating or â€Å"managing† their company’s reported operating results. Are such practices ethical? Defend your answer. Examples of legitimate business practices that corporate executives can use in order to manipulate their organization’s operating results include: trade loading or the use of excessive price concessions in order for consumers to buy more products thereby propping up the reported revenues or profits for a specific period; and, converting given period-ending discounts as selling, general and administrative expenses instead of treating them as reductions of gross revenues. Another legitimate gimmick that organizations could legitimately use to smooth out its earnings and manipulate its operation reports is by putting excessive reserves on its balance sheet (i.e. for bad debts or defective merchandise) in one quarter, in effect, lowering earnings below what they otherwise would have been, and then reversing the process in another quarter, which would result to the conversion of some of the excess reserves into profit

Textual Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Textual Analysis - Essay Example Mill’s theory as demonstrated in the book is not a social contract theory, and Mill has no hypothesis about the state of natural rights and nature (Mill 1978, 23-34). On the contrary, he states that his theory is justified by his moral theory and utilitarianism. Mill’s own political writings justify his belief that interaction with conflicting ideas and opinions is important to any comprehensive knowledge and to liberty itself. In fact, as revealed by Elizabeth Rapaport, one of the most prominent themes in the book is the significance of allowing unorthodox thought, to act as one of the guarantors necessary for freedom (Rapaport 1978, 9-12). According to Rapaport, John Stuart Mill calls the silencing of expression a weird evil, and demands that everybody should be allowed to speak and think freely, even if those in power do not agree with them (Mill 2008, 56-66). The words† political liberation† have been used mostly in the recent times by politicians, histo rians, philosophers and many others. The core principle of political liberalism was largely made current by Locke’s â€Å"Second treatise of Government† (1690) (Locke 2010, 12-15). The rule of law, individual liberty, the right to private property and government by consent of the people are just some of the issues taken for granted as fundamental to the human condition in the current world. As a source of their ideas, most liberal theorists today base their arguments on Locke’s concepts of governance (Locke 2010, 78-80). To some; post modernism, religious fundamentalism and socialism remain the ideological threats to liberalism. If this stands out to be a fact, then these ideologies attacks on the ideas that Locke, compared to any other, was influential in making the universal vocabulary of political discourse (Locke 2010, 132-150). The ideas of Locke and Mill with regards to political governance are quite similar. It is therefore a right argument that in his bo ok â€Å"The Second Treatise of Government† Locke supported the idea of political liberty as indicated on Mill’s book â€Å"On Liberty†. John Locke sets out to explain how political society emerged, how political society emerged, how the government or state has both the legitimacy and limits to political society, and how natural rights is a common reality to everyone (Locke 2010, 39-56). Locke starts by focusing on the idea that at the beginning, human being lived in perfect liberty, an anarchistic and stateless society. According to him, everybody enjoyed the full advantage of liberty during that time. However, this extensive liberty resulted to others abusing the liberty of others. For this reason, he argues that people came together to form a state and therefore the state was formed under social contract having specific obligations (Locke 2010, 156-169). If the state exceeds those obligations, and becomes an institution that oppresses the natural rights of in dividuals, then its authenticity is definitely lost, and can be rightly removed from power, so that the social contract can be established. The book, The Second Treatise of Government has been of great influential since its publication. It has been a foundation for social contract theory which outlines the legitimacy and the limits of governance in regards to individual liberty (Locke 2010, 67-78). On his part, Mill claims that most of humankind is mediocre. Therefore, everyone should be encouraged to grow and develop his mind because the progress of humanity is

Education in Emergencies

Education in Emergencies This chapter will discuss several existing organisations dedicated to education in emergencies and the programmes that they have developed. Discussing the effectiveness of these programmes would be beyond the scope of this paper. It is however, relevant to the topic to discuss how the right to education is protected in times of crises. Education in emergencies Emergency education has been defined as a set of linked project activities that enable structured learning to continue in times of acute crisis or long-term instability.[1] Emergency education was introduced in the mid-1990s to find a solution for fulfilling childrens rights to education in times of emergency.[2] It was more so important due to crises lasting for long periods of time. The aim was to find ways of ensuring that childrens rights to education and their rights to protection are maintained in practice during conflicts or disasters so that they can be prepared for a better future and can contribute to the rebuilding of their society when the crisis is over.[3] Midttun stated Emergencies include the acute, the chronically unstable as well as the return and early rehabilitation phases.[4] The mid-decade meeting on Education for All Amman 1996 emphasised basic education in emergency situations and recommended the classification of schools as safety zones to be preserved in times of conflict, highlighting the importance of education even in times of war.[5] In 1993, the United Nations presented a resolution with a request for a study into ways of improving the protection of children affected by armed conflicts.[6] The 1996 Report of the Expert on the Impact of Armed Conflict on Children (the Machel Report)[7] referred several times to schooling as a vital tool for promoting psychological well-being after trauma and for conveying messages relating to health, mine awareness, human rights and peace and tolerance.[8] These reports and international discussions illustrates that the international community is aware that the right to education in conflict lacks a proper mechanism to ensure that children receive the education that has been guaranteed as a right. International bodies of emergency education This section will briefly introduce several international bodies dedicating their work to emergency education and will further add in the following section how the work of these organisations illustrates the importance of education as part of humanitarian response. The Interagency Network for Education in Emergencies (INEE) was established in 2000 to co-ordinate the work of local, national and international groups, to exchange data and to develop guidelines for education during and after emergencies.[9] INEE developed the Minimum Standards for Education: Preparedness, Response, Recovery which provides a framework for a good quality education response in emergencies. The INEE Minimum Standards are a companion to the Sphere Project, in relation to standards for integrating good quality education within humanitarian response and achieve greater accountability in the humanitarian sector.[10] The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Education Cluster serves to fortify the capacity and preparedness of humanitarian personnel and government authorities to plan, coordinate and manage good quality educational programmes in emergencies.[11] The Education Cluster brings education actors together to assess needs, identify priorities, coordinate responses and to promote education as a key first response in humanitarian crises.[12] International Rescue Committee (IRC) combines direct service delivery with State building efforts via community governance initiatives, recognising that education is a vital empowerment tool for children and their families.[13] Efforts are characterised by excellent integration of education into different sectors such as governance, emergency response and child protection. Their approach is rights-based combined with advocacy and the key aims of the program is to consistently meet basic needs, strengthening institutions and promoting social cohesion in each sector.[14] Education as part of a humanitarian response The 2010 UN General Assembly Resolution on the right to education in emergency situations established an important implementation framework for all States, humanitarian actors and UN agencies.[15] Part of the issue to protecting education in times of crises is whether education can be seen as part of a humanitarian response to crisis or whether it is a development issue.[16] The debate on this issue has practical implications on funding during emergency situations. Those who hold the view that education is a development issue would prefer emergency funding to be spent on life-saving matters like food, shelter and clean water.[17] On the other hand, the governments of Norway and Canada, along with many experts, consider education to be the fourth pillar of any humanitarian response, alongside food, shelter and health.[18] The cluster approach is part of the ongoing Humanitarian Reform Agenda for improving ways in which the international community responds to crises. The Humanitarian Response Review identified the need for more timely, predictable and effective humanitarian action and launched a process of humanitarian reform.[19]ÂÂ   In 2006, the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) endorsed the Education Cluster.[20] The cluster approach is one of the key pillar for achieving more timely, predictable and effective humanitarian action. It refers to the official coordination mechanism for humanitarian response thus making education part of humanitarian response in times of crises. This is aptly necessary as educational institutions tend to be collateral damage if not the target of parties. In Palestine, the Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MoEHE) was established in the year 1994. They developed an education plan for Palestine that had to be converted into an emergency education plan in the year 2000 after the second intifada, to stop any further deterioration in the quality of education and to minimise the impact of the Israeli occupation on childrens schooling.[21] There has been many incidences where instead of protecting educational institutions (as required by humanitarian law), Israeli forces has contributed or initiated an attack. A group of settlers shielded by the Israeli security forces reportedly attacked a Secondary School which resulted in the injury of 12 children. In Gaza in 2015, at least 262 schools were damaged in Israeli air strikes. Three public schools were completely destroyed and at least 23 were severely damaged.[22] Schools were also used as shelters and 83 school buildings of the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) were damaged owing to Israeli airstrikes.[23] The right to education in Palestine has been disputed by Israel on the grounds that Palestine has never been a state.[24] The right to education is guaranteed for all persons and is not limited by their circumstances or the nature of the hostilities and is the right of every human being. Even after the transfer of education responsibility to the Palestinian National Authority, Israel as occupier of the territory, continues to bear the responsibility to facilitate childrens rights to education under obligations of international humanitarian law. The construction of the Wall on Occupied Palestinian Territory has become a further hindrance to the education of Palestinians. The view is that a comprehensive and unified Palestinian educational vision and strategy is essential for the progress of Palestinia n education, but is rendered more difficult to achieve by the barrier, which in some instances, separates neighbouring villages.[25] In practice, most emergency education programs concentrate on primary education.[26] International agencies has developed educational packages for emergency situations. UNICEF and UNESCO developed the School in a Box which support teachers in providing basic literacy, numeracy and life skills.[27] This package serves as an instant classroom for children in crisis. The container is stuffed with over 1,500 school instruments and supplies that enable 80 children and a teacher to create an instant classroom. These packages can be distributed to teachers and children very quickly. They, however, may lack cultural sensitivity and may not meet the needs of children in particular situations and may have priorities which are not shared by the local communities.[28] A way to mitigate the issue of cultural sensitivity may be to ensure that emergency schools are run by the community itself. They would then be free to accommodate the needs and priorities of the local community in the education of their children. Schools that are run by the community itself has higher chances of being accepted by the community as a whole and thus providing a more effective solution to education in emergencies.[29] The right to education has been defined as the rights to free and compulsory primary or elementary education. In the context of an armed conflict, the provisions under humanitarian law and human rights law should be read together, complementing each others provisions. Especially in accordance with the right of education, no apparent contradiction exists. Humanitarian law acts as a lex specialis rule while human rights law acts as the les generalis rule. Situations of armed conflict do not provide an escape for the duty bearers on the responsibilities of affording education. The right to education is to be protected in both international and non-international armed conflicts. The protection of education goes beyond the scope of the territory of conflict parties and extends the responsibility to receiving States where persons from conflict area cross international borders. The scope of protection in an internal armed conflict is smaller than an international armed conflict, in that, the obligation of the duty bearers are limited to the protection of educational institutions. International institutions have been mandated with prosecuting crimes within the Geneva Conventions, in particular, the protection of educational institutions. The international community has increasingly recognise the importance of education in crises situations for the progress of the society. This is evidenced by the growing inclusion of emergency education as part of humanitarian response. Education systems are one of the most sustainable and durable solutions available in conflict affected States. As discussed, humanitarian actors have stepped in to meet the basic right of education of civilians. A long-term solution would also be to build the capacity of local communities and organisations to do so to ensure that they would be self-sustainable.[30] An investment in good gover nance, which in essence is an investment in people, may be the best way to provide education in emergency situations, because it asserts and invests in a future for children and their communities. Imposing State responsibility would force States to observe rules of humanitarian law and therefore, ensure that their armed forces observe humanitarian law. It is the duty of the State to implement humanitarian law and to provide criminal sanctions for its violations within its own legal system as the ICC acts as a supplement to national systems. The mere existence of the ICC has put pressure on States to ratify the crimes under the Rome Statute and to prosecute international crimes within their domestic jurisdiction to avoid the ICCs intervention. The prosecution by the ICC would incur individual criminal responsibility. Implementation through international bodies as illustrated in chapter 6, is a positive aspect of education in emergencies. It would however, become more effective when it is implemented together with criminal justice. It is the responsibility of international community as a whole to enforce the accountability and responsibility of parties to the conflict, be it State or non-state actors, to ensure that the right to education is protected in the context of armed conflicts. The prosecution of crimes acts as a reminder that parties to a conflict are answerable to the entire international community, even if, justice takes years to present itself. The ICC has jurisdiction over the crimes against educational institutions, perhaps more prosecutions of perpetrators who destroy education institutions or by holding States accountable for their lack of initiative and protection of education, would act as a deterrent to future parties to conflicts. It is important that both aspects of protecting education is engaged. The legal aspect where parties are held accountable and the social aspect in an effective education regime as a humanitarian response. References [1] S. Nicolai C. Triplehorn (2003) The Role of Education in Protecting Children in Conflict (London, Humanitarian Practice Network) 11. [2] UNESCO, International Consultative Forum on Education for All. (1996). Education for all: Achieving the goal: final report of the Mid Decade Meeting of the International Consultative Forum on Education for All, Amman, Jordan, 16 19 June 1996. Paris: UNESCO 40. [3] J. M. Halstead S. J. Affouneh, Educating the Human Spirit in the Times of Conflict: The Case of Emergency Education in Palestine (2006) 12:2 International Journal of Childrens Spirituality 199, 200. [4] E. K. Midttun, Education and Emergencies (2006) 2:1 Journal of Education for International Development, 1. [5] Education for all: Achieving the goal: final report of the Mid Decade Meeting (n 120) 41. [6] UNGA, Protection of children affected by armed conflicts: resolution / adopted by the General Assembly A/RES/48/157 (20 December 1993). [7] UNGA, Impact of armed conflict on children: note / by the Secretary-General A/51/306 (26 August 1996). [8] Ibid para 54, 185 and 193. [9] Ineesiteorg, How We Work (Ineesiteorg, 2015) accessed 1 January 2017. [10] The Sphere Project: Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response (3rd edition, 2011), page 12 . [11] Uniceforg, The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) (UNICEF, 10 December 2008) accessed 1 January 2017. [12] N. A. Papadopoulos, Achievements and challenges of the Education Cluster in the Palestinian Autonomous Territories, Somalia and Sri Lanka (EFA Global Monitoring Report 2011, 2010). [13] Rescueorg, Where We Focus: Education (International Rescue Committee (IRC), 2015) accessed 1 January 2017. [14] L. Bender, Innovations in Emergency Education: The IRC in the Democratic Republic of Congo (A Commissioned Background Report Prepared for the Global Monitoring Report 2011, 2009). [15] UN Resolution A/64/L.58. [16] Halstead Affouneh, Educating the Human Spirit in the Times of Conflict (n 121). [17] M.Sommers, Children, Education and War: Reaching Education for All (EFA) Objectives in Countries Affected by Conflict, (Washington DC, World Bank) (2002) [18] E. M. Johannessen, Guidelines for Evaluation of Education Projects in Emergency Situations (Oslo, Norwegian Refugee Council) (2001); See Also, M. Sinclair, Planning Education in and After Emergency (2002) (Paris, UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning) (2002) [19] C. Adinolfi, D. S. Bassiouni, H. F. Lauritzsen H. Roy Williams, Humanitarian Response Review, Commissioned by the UN Emergency Relief Coordinator and Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs (2005). [20] N. A. Papadopoulos, Achievements and challenges of the Education Cluster in the Palestinian Autonomous Territories, Somalia and Sri Lanka (EFA Global Monitoring Report 2011, 2010) [21] H. Ramahi, Education in Palestine: Current Challenges and Emancipatory Alternatives (2015) The American School of Palestine and University of Cambridge, 5. [22] UNGA, UNSC, Children and Armed Conflict Report of the Secretary General, 69th Session, A/69/926*-S/2015/409* [23] UNGA, UNSC, Children and Armed Conflict Report of the Secretary General, 69th Session, A/69/926*-S/2015/409* para 99 [24] Save the Children, Living Behind Barriers Palestinian Children Speak Out (London, Save the Children UK and Save the Children Sweden) (2004). [25] Ramahi, Education in Palestine: Current Challenges and Emancipatory Alternatives (n 139) [26] Sommers, Children, Education and War: Reaching Education for All (n 135); See also, L. Davis, Education and Conflict: Complexity and Chaos (London, RoutledgeFalmer) (2004). [27]ÂÂ   UNICEF, UNESCO, School-in-a-box: An Instant Classroom for Children in Crisis (2008) 4 Every Child. [28] Halstead Affouneh, Educating the Human Spirit in the Times of Conflict (n 121). [29] Bender, Innovations in Emergency Education (n 132). [30] Bender, Innovations in Emergency Education (n 132).

Recording, Analysing and Using Human Resource Information Essay

This assignment is based around a retail organisation. This organisation is in the fashion sector, primarily selling ladies fashion (although it does have some lines for men and children). The organisation has 34 stores, primarily based in the Midlands and South of the UK. It tends to employ significant number of students during the holiday period (to help cover staff holidays) and it always employs a number of temporary workers in the busy weeks leading up to Christmas. Answer the following questions (total of 1000 words): 1. Why does this organisation need to keep employee records (identify at least two reasons?) Two reasons as to why the above mentioned organisation would need to keep employee records are as follows; 1) To satisfy legal requirements – There are numerous legal requirements regarding the recording of employee records. The key legal requirements that this or any organisation or Human Resources (HR) department would need to be aware of are; Storing records for the Inland Revenue, The Working Time Regulations 1998, The National Minimum Wage Act 1998 and the Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 (RIDDOR). This list is not exhaustive. [1]According to Martin et al ‘there is an extensive body of legislation that regulates and controls the management of personal data and information. HR records have to satisfy a number of legal principles’. 2) To provide information to support the organisation in its decision making – By keeping employee records the above mentioned organisation can support the organisation in its decision making in various ways. For example as this organisation tends to employ a significant number of students during the holiday period they would be able to look at records from previous years and perhaps re-employ students who had a good previous record in attendance and performance etc. On the other hand if they had an employee who caused them problems with areas such as attendance or performance they would know not to re-employ them. This could help to save time and resource when it comes to recruiting for the holiday period. 2. What data relating to employees might this organisation want to collect and how will this support HR or L&D practices? (Give 2 examples of types of data) Two examples of types of data the above organisation may want to collect to support with HR or L&D practices are as follows; 1) Primary employee records – These records include all employee personal information such as name, address, date of birth, start date of employment, bank details, National Insurance number, and tax information (P45 or P46). This information will support the HR department in a variety of different ways ranging from simple tasks such as producing letters to more complex tasks such as producing reports. The HR department may need to produce letters for employees relating to anything such as a change in working hours to information about a sickness absence. The employees contact information would be gathered from the primary employee records as mentioned above. The HR department may also need to produce reports; these reports may refer to the age of the workforce, or the length of service within the workforce. Again the HR department would look to these primary employee records to support. 2) Absence – It is vital for any organisation to record absence levels however, ultimately if the information gathered is not used then it is of no real benefit to the organisation. [2]According to Daniels ‘if absence data is going to be of any use it needs to be: †¢ Reported monthly †¢ Reported alongside data that shows at least the past 12 months †¢ Compared with the rate for the industry †¢ Broken down by group of employee (e.g. manual and non-manual) or by department.’ Recording absence levels will support the above mentioned organisation within the HR department in numerous ways. One example of this would be if there are any months where absence is particularly high then operationally the organisation may look at the possibility of needing temporary cover. The organisation may also look at yearly trends, therefore if they know that December for example is a month where absence levels are particularly high they can strategically plan and prepare temporary cover in advance. 3. What would you recommend as effective methods for this organisation to store the data, and why? (Give two different options) My recommendations as effective methods for this organisation to store the data relating to primary employee records and absence are as follows; 1) Primary employee records – As this organisation has a large number of employees spread across 34 different stores in different locations throughout the United Kingdom; my recommendation would be to use a Personnel Database. I believe this would be a key requirement in keeping the data stored efficiently. HR departments may need to access information from different Stores for reporting etc therefore I feel it would be necessary to have a master database for all employees. Common examples of types of data stored on a database would be name, address, start date, date of birth and salary etc. This information can then be used in a variety of different ways ranging from simple tasks such as producing letters to more complex tasks such as creating spreadsheets and reporting. [3]Martin et al cited that using databases for employee records ‘could be used in its raw, unprocessed form to send out a letter. In addition it could be processed to identify who is due to retire or to calculate salary costs for department.’ 2) Absence – My recommendation for this organisation to store their absence rates would be through Computerised Personnel Information Systems (CPIS). [4]According to Daniels, ‘as well as holding personnel records and data, there are a number of other functions that can be incorporated into CPIS. These may not always come with the standard package, but they might be bought as additional facilities’. Absence management being one of the functions Daniels refers to. One of benefits in using CPIS in relation to absence would be that all Stores would have access to absence information relating to every Store within the organisation. This would enable decision makers to efficiently and effectively analyse trends relating to all the Stores. [5]Martin et al refer to the fact that only actions taken by managers and supervisors can bring absence levels down however good records can help them to do this job. A CPIS will produce accurate data therefore making it easier for managers to monitor this. 4. Why is it important for the organisation to effectively input and retrieve information? Answer this with particular reference to payroll and personnel records. The importance of effectively inputting and retrieving information is key to the successful operation of the above organisation, or in fact any organisation. I will specifically concentrate on the areas of payroll and personnel. Firstly I will discuss the implications relating to payroll. Paying employees the correct amount of money at the correct time is essential to employee satisfaction, therefore within any business it is vital that all information needed for processing payroll has been input and retrieved accurately. As this organisation has 34 stores there will be a large number of employees, therefore there will be a large amount of information stored relating to pay. If information has been input or retrieved incorrectly this could result in incorrect payments to staff. For example if an employee left the business however someone forgot to input that they were a leaver, this could result in an incorrect payment, therefore losing the company money. On the other hand if an employee started the company however someone forgot to input the information this would mean that the new employee wasn’t paid as the information would not be in the system. This would instantly give the new employee a bad first impression of the organisation. Secondly I will discuss the implications relating to personnel records. It is vital that personnel information is input and retrieved effectively for numerous reasons. The first example would be in case of an emergency; when a new employee starts within the business they are always asked to submit a contact who is to be contacted in case of an emergency. Therefore it is very important that this information in input or retrieved in the correct manner. If the telephone number was input incorrectly and the employer came to use the number in the case of an emergency the employer would then not know who to contact especially within a large organisation as mentioned in the case study. If the information is retrieved incorrectly the employer may contact the incorrect person which may lead to unnecessary worry for someone was has been inserted as an emergency contact for another employee. Another example as to why personnel records need to be input and retrieved correctly would relate to medical information. When an employee is new to the business medical information will be gathered. For example if an employee suffers from a medical condition such as epilepsy and this has not been input into the system because of an error then staff may not understand or be aware if they had an epileptic fit. It could be the same with allergies to nuts etc. If staff are not aware they won’t be able to provide medical information to the ambulance when they arrive to support in cases like the above mentioned. Very often providing this information to the ambulance services can make the difference in life and death situations. 5. Identify three aspects of the storage of data that need to be addressed as a result of the Data Protection Act. [6]According to government legislation, The National Archives cited that The Data Protection Act is an ‘Act to make new provision for the regulation of the processing of information relating to individuals, including the obtaining, holding, use or disclosure of such information.’ Three aspects I have identified of the storage of data that need to be addressed as a result of the Data Protection Act are as follows; 1) Data that is processed must be done so fairly and lawfully. [7]The Information Commissioners Office (ICO) cites that ‘in practice, it means that you must: †¢ have legitimate grounds for collecting and using the personal data; †¢ not use the data in ways that have unjustified adverse effects on the individuals concerned; †¢ be transparent about how you intend to use the data, and give individuals appropriate privacy notices when collecting their personal data; †¢ handle people’s personal data only in ways they would reasonably expect; and †¢ make sure you do not do anything unlawful with the data. 2) Data stored must be adequate, relevant, and not excessive – This means that any information gathered must be relevant to the specific job of the employee. You must ensure that you do not hold more information than what is needed for a specific purpose. The organisation should identify the minimum amount of information that is required. 3) Data stored must be accurate and where necessary kept up to date. This principle places a responsibility to take steps to ensure accuracy of information processed and stored. When collecting the information reasonable steps must be taken to ensure the information is correct. [8]According to Martin et al ‘in employment one way to achieve this is to allow employees to check, and even update, their own records.’ Task 2 Input this data into an appropriate IT package (e.g. Excel) and then display the data in the most appropriate way. I have chosen to present my data in a line graph as I feel this is the most appropriate way to show the two variables (absence rate % in the last 12 months and staff turnover % in the last 12 months) in one graph. [pic] Now write a report (no more than 500 words) identifying what this data tells you, and suggesting how this might impact on the decision making in the organisation. Key findings within this data are as follows; †¢ Store D has the highest absence rate, that being 7.2% in the last 12 months †¢ Store C has the lowest absence rate, that being 1.8% in the last 12 months †¢ Store C has the highest staff turnover, that being 21% in the last 12 months †¢ Store F has the lowest staff turnover, that being 10% in the last 12 months As Store D’s absence rate is relatively high decision makers within the organisation and the Human Resource department (HR) should consider focusing on areas such as job motivation, employee engagement, working condition etc so as to try and improve overall absence % rate for the year. Decision makers should also ensure that the absence policy is being managed by line managers and that managers are correctly trained in following the policy. Another key area decision makers should focus on are key trends of absence types. For example sore throats and colds can be an indicator that the air conditioning is set to the wrong level. It is vital that decision makers understand why the absence rate is high so as they can take measures to improve it. Even though store C’s absence rate is the lowest at 1.8% they still have the highest staff turnover, that being 21%. A low absence rate can indicate that an employee is engaged and they want to be in the work place. One of the reasons for the highest staff turnover could be due to the significant number of students being employed in the holiday period and also the temporary workers in the busy weeks leading up to Christmas. These figures may lead the decision makers within the organisation to consider a different approach for staff cover over the holiday periods and Christmas if it is going to have a negative effect on the turnover % for that period of 12 months. An example of how they could improve this would be to offer overtime to existing employees rather than hiring temporary workers for the Christmas period. They could also have more part time employees throughout the year, for example they could employ students on a low number of hours throughout the year and then ramp up their hours at the busy periods such as Christmas. Store F has the lowest staff turnover that being 10%. This may be for numerous reasons such as location or employee engagement. Store F may not employ as many students for the Christmas or holiday period as it is in a smaller community where fewer students live. It may be that the people who are employed in the store are from a smaller community and they have worked here for years and there isn’t the need to ramp up over the Christmas period. Very often people who come from smaller communities tend to stay within the same place of work and don’t look to leave, therefore contributing to low staff turnover. Another factor could be that staff are engaged and motivated. The decision makers within the business should look to considering why Store F has the lowest staff turnover. They could look at how other Stores manage the Christmas and holiday period ramp up and also if they have any programmes with employee engagement. Then they could look to transferring skills and ideas from Store F to other stores with a high staff turnover. References †¢ Information Commissioner’s Office (2012) ‘Processing personal data fairly and lawfully (Principle 1)’ (online) (cited 6th August 2012). Available from: http://www.ico.gov.uk/for_organisations/data_protection/the_guide/principle_1.aspx †¢ The National Archives (2012) ‘Data Protection Act 1998’ (online) (cited 6th August 2012). Available from: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/29/introduction Bibliography †¢ Martin, M. Whiting, F. and Jackson, T. (2010) Human Resource Practice, Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, London. †¢ Daniels, K. (2010), Recording, Analysing and Using Human Resource Information, ICS Limited, Glasgow. ———————– [1] M.Martin et al (2010) Human Resource Practice, Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, London, p. 278 [2] K. Daniels (2010), Recording, Analysing and Using Human Resource Information, ICS Limited, Glasgow, p.17 [3] Martin et al, Human Resource in Practice, pp. 284 [4] Daniels, Recording, Analysing and Using Human Resource Information, pp. 29 [5] Martin et al, Human Resource in Practice, pp. 284 [6] The National Archives (1998) [7] Information Commissioner’s Office (2012) [8] Martin et al, Human Resource Practice, pp.289

Winter Poetry – Skating at Night William Wordsworth

Wordsworth shows a positive fond memory of winter that is personal to him. He gives a feeling of excitement by using ‘and'. Also he shows how noisy it is by using ‘bellowing' and ‘not a voice was idle'. Even though it was cold Wordsworth would rather be outside with his friends then inside: ‘I heeded not the summons. Wordsworth also wants excitement and freedom: ‘Proud and exulting'. He likes to play games with his friends, like a native foxhunt: ‘Games confederate of the chase' He uses similes and metaphors to show he is exhilarated and has loads of energy: ‘Untired horse' and ‘the resounding horn'. Wordsworth has used onomatopoeia and alliteration to show the effect of speed: ‘We hissed along' and ‘The pack loud bellowing' speed is also shown by using the word ‘flew', the simile ‘Tinkled like iron' shows the brittle side of winter. Wordsworth uses the word ‘melancholy' to show that the beautiful scene, he once knew, is fading with old age a shows a slight sadness to the poem. Winter Percy Bysshe Shelley Shelley uses alliteration to show that winter is harsh ‘the wind was his whip' this also shows that it is a negative and destructive time. He writes: ‘One choppy finger' to make you wonder what winter will do next. Shelley portrays winter as an evil character using personification such as: ‘whip' ‘lip' to make it more effective. Shelley also makes winter sound brittle: ‘His breath was a chain'. Shelley shows how cold and powerful winter can be by writing: ‘He came, fiercely in his chariot-throne by the tenfold of the arctic zone' Shelley also shows that even the more evil things like weeds have to hide from winter: ‘Weeds which are forms of the living death fled from the frost' Using alliteration: ‘flight from frost' gives winter an eerie feel which makes things vanish like ghosts without a trace. When icicles hang by the wall William Shakespeare Shakespeare uses everyday characters to show the realism of his poem to create a typical winter scene: ‘Dick the Shepherd'. He shows that even though the weather is awful life goes on: ‘ways be foul, then nightly sings the staring owl'. Using rhyme gives the feel of movement but is broken when the owl makes its sound: ‘Blow' ‘Snow' ‘Saw' Raw'. Everyone gets effected by the cold: ‘Coughing drowns the parsons saw' ‘Marian's nose is red and raw'. Using words like ‘nipp'd' and ‘ways be foul' shows that is a cold mucky time. Shakespeare tells it how winter was there and then. There is no sympathy for winter. Emmonsail's Heath in Winter John Clare Clare gives no critical comment during his poem, he just observes what's around him: ‘Crimpled leaves' ‘an oddling crow' ‘the old heron'. His poem is also very detailed which adds to the effectiveness of the poem. Clare puts a lack of stress on the words: ‘While the old heron'. He uses personification to bring the lake to life and make it a bigger part of his observation: ‘Lonely Lake'. Clare uses alliteration to create the sense of movement: ‘Starts slow' but at the same time give a sense of calmness: ‘Melancholy wing' ‘An oddling crow in idle motion'. The scene is in harmony even the gypsy fits in: ‘the gypsy makes his bed'. Clare give affection to the ‘bouncing woodcock' Clare uses the word ‘Rove' to show how much he has observed from wandering about. Clare's poem is based on observation and is portrayed like a fairytale scene where everything is in harmony and fits in with the world around it. Conclusion In the Poem ‘Skating on Ice' the poem is based on a very personal scene, which is special to Wordsworth. He makes the poem exciting, exhilarating and gives a sense of movement. This poem is effective for these reasons and makes you really believe that you are their taking part in the chase. In Clare's poem ‘Winter' it reflects winter as being horrible and destructive. This is my favourite, as I believe this is how a typical cold winter day acts. Winter has been given the human characteristics to great effect showing everything winter is known to do. Shakespeare creates a sense of realism in his poem ‘When icicles hang by the wall' by give the poem everyday characters. He gives no sympathy, which makes it sound more real and effective. This poem is probably the most real out of all four and it portrays winter as a typical thing that happens. Clare's poem ‘Emmonsail's Heath in winter' is based on observation. He makes everything sound beautiful and in harmony with everything else. He makes everything very calm leisurely. This poem portrays winter as a beautiful time almost like a well-painted painting.